The importance of survival planning and kits

A survival plan is dependent on three separate but intertwined parts to be
successful: planning, preparation, and practice.
Survival planning is nothing more than realizing something could happen that would
put you in a survival situation and, with that in mind, taking steps to increase your
chances of survival. It can happen to anyone, anywhere, anytime, so remember:
failure to plan is a plan to fail. Plans are based on evasion and recovery (E&R)
considerations and the availability of resupply or emergency bundles. You must take
into consideration the mission duration and the distance to friendly lines; the
environment, to include the terrain and weather and possible changes in the weather
during a protracted mission; and the platform you will be operating with, such as an
aircraft, a multipurpose vehicle, or perhaps just a rucksack. Planning also entails
looking at those E&R routes and knowing by memory the major geographical
features in case your map and compass are lost. You can use classified and
unclassified sources such as the Internet, encyclopedias, and geographic
magazines to assist you in planning.

Preparation means preparing yourself and your survival kit for those contingencies
that you have in your plan. A plan without any preparation is just a piece of paper. It
will not keep you alive. Prepare yourself by making sure your immunizations and
dental work are up-to-date. Break in your boots and make sure that the boots have
good soles and water-repellent properties. Study the area, climate, terrain, and
indigenous methods of food and water procurement. You should continuously
assess data, even after the plan is made, to update the plan as necessary and give
you the greatest possible chance of survival. Another example of preparation is
finding the emergency exits on an aircraft when you board it for a flight. Practice
those things that you have planned with the items in your survival kit. Checking
ensures that items work and that you know how to use them. Build a fire in the rain
so you know that when it is critical to get warm, you can do it. Review the medical
items in your kit and have instructions printed on their use so that even in times of
stress, you will not make life-threatening errors.

IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING


Detailed prior planning is essential in potential survival situations. Including survival
considerations in mission planning will enhance your chances of survival if an emergency
occurs. For example, if your job requires that you work in a small, enclosed area that limits what
you can carry on your person, plan where you can put your rucksack or your load-bearing
equipment (LBE). Put it where it will not prevent you from getting out of the area quickly, yet
where it is readily accessible.
One important aspect of prior planning is preventive medicine. Ensuring that you have no dental
problems and that your immunizations are current will help you avoid potential dental or health
problems. Some dental problems can progress to the point that you may not be able to eat
enough to survive. Failure to keep your shots current may mean your body is not immune to
diseases that are prevalent in the area.
Preparing and carrying a survival kit is as important as the considerations mentioned above.
Even the smallest survival kit, if properly prepared, is invaluable when faced with a survival
problem.

SURVIVAL KITS

The environment is the key to the types of items you will need in your survival kit. How much
equipment you put in your kit depends on how you will carry the kit. A kit carried on your body
will have to be smaller than one carried in a vehicle. Always layer your survival kit body, loadbearing
vest or equipment, and platform (rucksack, vehicle, or aircraft). Keep the most
important items on your body. For example, your map and compass should always be on your
body, as should your basic life-sustaining items (knife, lighter). Carry less important items on
your LBE. Place bulky items in the rucksack.
In preparing your survival kit, select items that are multipurpose, compact, lightweight, durable,
and most importantly, functional. An item is not good if it looks great but doesn't do what it was
designed for. Items should complement each other from layer to layer. A signal mirror in your
pocket can be backed up by pen flares in your LBE and a signal panel in your rucksack. A lighter
in your pocket can be augmented by a magnesium bar in your LBE and additional dry tinder in
your rucksack.

Your survival kit need not be elaborate. You need only functional items that will meet your
needs and a case to hold the items. For the case, you might want to use a bandage box, soap
dish, tobacco tin, first-aid case, or another suitable case. This case should be
Water-repellent or waterproof
Easy to carry or attach to your body
Suitable to accept various-sized components

Your survival kit should be broken down into the following categories:

  • Water
  • Fire
  • Shelter
  • Food.
  • Medical.
  • Signal.
  • Miscellaneous.


Each category should contain items that allow you to sustain your basic needs. For example,
water: you should have items that allow you to scoop up, draw up, soak up, or suck up water;
something to gather rainwater, condensation, or perspiration; something to transport water; and
something to purify or filter water. Some examples of each category are as follows:

Water: purification tablets, non-lubricated condoms for carrying water, bleach, povidoneiodine
drops, cravats, sponges, small plastic or rubber tubing, collapsible canteens or
water bags.

Fire: lighter, metal match, waterproof matches, magnesium bar, candle, magnifying lens.

Shelter: 550, parachute cord, large knife, machete or hatchet, poncho, space blanket,
hammock, mosquito net, wire saw.

Food: knife, snare wire, fishhooks, fish and snare line, bouillon cubes or soup packets,
high-energy food bars, granola bars, gill or yeti net, aluminum foil, freezer bags.

Medical: oxytetracycline tablets (to treat diarrhea or infection), surgical blades or surgical
preparation knife, butterfly sutures, lip balm, safety pins, sutures, antidiarrheal medication
(imodium), antimalarial medication (doxycycline), broad-spectrum antibiotics (rocephin
and zithromax) and broad spectrum topical ophthalmic (eye) antibiotic, antifungal, antiinflammatory
(ibuprofen), petrolatum gauze, and soap. Medical items may make up
approximately 50 percent of your survival kit.

Signal: signaling mirror, strobe, pen flares, whistle, Philippine flag, pilot scarf or other bright
orange silk scarf, glint tape, flashlight, laser pointer, solar blanket.

Miscellaneous: wrist compass, needle and thread, money, extra eyeglasses, knife
sharpener, cork, camouflage stick, and survival manual.
Include a weapon only if the situation so dictates. Ambassadors and theater commanders may
prohibit weapons even in extreme circumstances. Read and practice the survival techniques in
this manual and apply these basic concepts to those you read about in other publications. Then
prepare your survival kit with items that are durable, multipurpose, and lightweight. Imagination
may be the largest part of your kit. It can replace many of the items in a kit. Combined with the
will to live, it can mean the difference life and death.

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